Academic Writing Assignment

                                                                   Meeting 1

Practice 1 (page 72)

1. OPINION Smoking is relaxing and, therefore, enjoyable.
2. FACT Dr.Kathleen Parker, a well-known cancer specialist, recently admitted in an interview, “Although I see the harmful effects of smoking nearly everyday in my work, I still enjoy relaxing with a cigarette after dinner.”
3. FACT Early in the next decade, more women than men will die young of lung cancer, according to the American Cancer Society. NFS
4. OPINION Smoking is attracting more and more adult.
5. FACT According to a recent New York Times article, cigarette smoking is increasing among adults in their forties as well as among the college educated and those earning more than $35,000 annually.
6. OPINION Red-light runners must take a driver’s education class. Then they will become safer drivers.
7. FACT Red-light runners cause scores of accidents, including deaths and injuries as well as million of dollars in damages. NFS
8. OPINION Red-light runners should have their driver’s licenses suspended for a period of time.
9. FACT Nationwide, the number of red-light running accidents increased18 percent from 1992 through 1995. In 1991, 2,425 deaths resulted, and in 1995, the number rose to 2,866.

Practice 2 (page 78)

 

World’s Major Consumers of Primary Energy

According to statistics published by the U.S Department of Energy, the world’s consumption of primary energy continued to increase in 1994 in quadrillion’s Btu’s. The three top consumers included the United States, China, and Russia. However, the largest consumer was the United States. It used 85.64 quadrillion Btu. Japan consumed 20.7 quadrillion Btu, whereas Germany consumed 13.87 quadrillion Btu. The countries that consumed less than 10 quadrillion Btu included India, United Kingdom, France, and Italy.

Writing Practice (page 78)

        According to USA Today survey, as people getting older, they are less concerned about the amount of debt they have on credit cards.  Those under age 30 are the most responsible people paying their credit cards, it is on 55% percentage moreover 59% of them pay the debt on time every month. People over 30 are less responsive as they only concern below 50%. The percentage of those who concern and not in the age between 30 to 45 are the same, they are on 43%. Only 51% of people paying the debt every month. A group of people from 46-60 are less concerned paying their debts, it was 62% of them say no. They either do not pay attention  to let their debts paid. The highest percentage of people who are not concerned was a group of people over 60, it reaches 81% no. They  give the least attention on paying the debts on time. 

 

                                                               Meeting 2

Practice 1 (page 85)

1. Dr. Yixuan Ma, a well-known astrophysicist who has been studying black holes, said, “It is one of the most interesting phenomena we astrophysicists have ever studied.”
2. As she explained, “In black holes the laws of nature do not seem to apply.”
3. “A black hole is a tiny point with the mass 25 times the mass of our sun,” explained Ma’s associate, Chun-Yi Su, “black hole are created by death of a very large star.”
4. “It is an invisible vacuum cleaner in space,” she added, “with tremendous gravitational pull.”
5. According to Dr.Su, “If a person falls into a black hole, he will eventually be crushed due to the tremendous gravitational forces.”
6. “Time will slow down for him as he approaches the event horizon”, she said, “and when he reaches the event horizon, time will stand still for him.”

 

Practice 2 (page 88)

1. According to television channel KSA General Manager Jim Burns , not everyone can attend college in the traditional way; therefore, taking courses via television will offer many more students the chance to earn a college degree.
2. Pre-med student Alma Rodriguez said that she missed being on campus, but he had to work and takes care of his family.
3. Other students said that last year they spend several hours a day commuting to and from school. Now they didn’t have to do that.
4. Computer engineering student Amir Mahdizadeh stated that he could choose when to study and how to study without a pressure. He also said that he would take more telecourses in the fall.

 

                                                                Meeting 3

Practice 3 (page 91)

Paraphrase

 

                                                        Artificial Languages

About five hundred people in Descartes time have been created artificial languages for international need. In the end of the nineteenth century, Dr.Zamenhof  from Poland, make a language called Esperanto. Esperanto become the most successful language throughout the world because it is easy to understand and built up by several languages. The new artificial language had been found was Interlingua which is built by some language experts from Latin, the Romance language, and English. But, Esperanto still be the favorite for the people around the world. (Pei 175-176)

                                                Artificial Languages—Objections

                Most important thing to build up languages is they should develop all the thought-carrying machinery and shades of meaning. So, natural language have a chance because it have been worked out for a long times; also, the artificial languages should contain Slavic, Asiatic, and African word as much as western European and American nations have words. (Pei 176)

The Essay Body: Outlining

Poverty in Developing Country

1. Introduction

Thesis statement: poverty creates negative consequences for society such as poor health care system, limited access to education, and increasing criminality.

 2. Body

1. Poor health care system
   1. Expensive food
   2. Malnutrition
2. Limited access to education
   1. The family financial
   2. Help family to work
3. Increasing criminality
   1. Drug’s selling
   2. Prostitution
   3. Depression of financial

3. Conclusion

In conclusion, those are problems are complicated. There should be a specific treatment to solve those problems because those are related each other.

 

Summary of Essay Writing

Essay is a piece of writing which is written to explain, describe, or persuade something. Students in the university are often making essays for their assignment. A lot of bad essays are created because of less preparation. This resource will lead you to make an essay full of ideas and concepts, and a clear purpose and direction. There are four genres of essay in writing class that commonly use; expository essays, descriptive essays, narrative essays, and argumentative essays.

 

First is Expository essay. Expository essay is an essay which is made by explaining something then giving some facts to make it clear. This can be settled by making comparison and contrast, definition, example, cause and effect, etc. The transition for this essay is important so, make it clear between the introduction, body, and conclusion.

 

Second is Descriptive essay. Descriptive essay is an essay which is described something using an experience, emotion, and situation. Be organize while making this essay. Use vivid language and sense to make it more real.

 

Third is a narrative essay. Narrative essay is an essay which is made by the author using their own thought and creativity. While making this essay, use all the parts of the story, and make a clear purpose and point of view to make it more interesting.

 

The last is argumentative essay. Argumentative essay is an essay which is made by investigating the topic or idea and makes it organize. While making this essay, we have to use empirical research to collect the data. A clear thesis statement, transition, and conclusion is one of the important part of this essay.

 

In conclusion, we should be creative and well-organized while making those essays. It will develop our skill if we know how to write it.

 

References: Jack Baker, Allen Brizee, Elizabeth Angeli.http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/owlprint/685/. Copyright ©1995-2013 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University.

Introductory Paragraph

Nowadays, the amount of poverty in developing country is increasing. If we let i happen, it will be a big problem. The government should solve this problem. Because poverty creates negative consequences for society such as poor health care system, limited access to education, and increasing criminality.

Thesis Statements:

 

1. Poverty creates negative consequences for society such as poor health care system, limited access to education, and increasing criminality.
2. Recycling helps for saving natural resources, conserving energy, and protecting environment.
3. A computer is necessary for college students for three reasons: doing assignment, getting information, and having more knowledge.

Paraphrasing (Group)

1. Hanna Nadia
2. Fadhila Anies
3. Reza Asferdian
4. Nur Patria
5. Siti Nurul Hidayah

The Answers:

1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. Dillon, A (1994) stated that there are three tendencies in reading strategies; (1) Stay on the same text until understand even through skimming. (2) Readers were not interested if they didn’t understand. (3) Reader just read without cares their understanding. References : Dillon, A (1994). Designing usable electronic text: Ergonomic aspects of human information usage. London: Taylor & Francis.

7. According to Schwier, R & Misanchuk, E. (1993) Interactive multimedia instruction brings mediated instruction from more than one source to the learner experiences. With one multi-channel output, we can think of it in terms of many single inputs.

   References: Schwier, R & Misanchuk, E. (1993). Interactive multimedia instruction. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publication

8. According to Driscoll (2000), we should make arrangement of events to acquisition some goal. First, range your knowledge. Second, choose what you want to be. Then, choose the setting of place to do that program. References: Driscoll, M.P (2000). Psychology of learning for instruction (2nd ed).Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

9. Reeves.B. & Nass, C (1996) stated that media influences people life significantly, as the environment influences them.

   References: Revees, B & Nass, C. (1996). The media equation: How people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press

10. According to Frick. T. (1991), computers can do tasks and do the ability to identify those features like diagnosing equipment malfunctions or performing mathematical functions. Also computers can recognize and acknowledging your presence which make us unique and different.

    References: Frick. T. (1991). Restructuring education through technology. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation.

Higher Education

Higher education, what is it? Why do you need it? What are the benefits of it? Higher education is a stage for people to study in universities, colleges, and institutes. Higher education includes both the undergraduate and the graduate or postgraduate levels. There are a lot of majority that provides us to study in higher education such as law, arts, science, medicine, pharmacy, dentistry, business, engineering, communication, etc. This educational level will be a level which would qualify someone to be professional in they work’s field. After we graduate from this, we will be awarded of Bachelor’s degree, Education’s specialist, Master degree, Doctorate, etc. Generally it takes three to four years or maybe seven years to finish the study in this level.  

There are a lot of benefits if we get higher education. Higher education offers graduates more jobs to choose than those who didn’t continue their study in college. It also linked to higher pay if we have a college degree. Then, we can understand deeper into a field that we choose. The students will have an opportunity to read the books and listen the lectures who experts in their field.

So, higher education is important for us to take in this era if we want to get a better life.

Noctural

Reza’s here.